BizCosts® Benchmark Reports
Available now for purchase are operating cost comparisons among a series of global cities considered important benchmark hubs for corporate office operations and for advanced manufacturing plants. Annual operating costs scaled to representative office and manufacturing models are presented for labor, energy (electricity and natural gas), taxes and real estate (industrial lease costs) in these new 2026 BizCosts® Benchmark Reports.
Site-seeking companies, real estate developers and economic development practitioners have relied on Boyd BizCosts® data for over 5 decades. Additionally, our Benchmark Reports are valuable tools for venture capital & hedge fund managers, the Wall Street investment community and other industry analysts researching cost differentials among cities and their impact on a company’s industry competitiveness and overall financial performance. Detailed below are the 2026 BizCosts® Benchmark Reports currently available in our Store for download. Shown are the benchmark hubs included in each Report and the names of leading companies operating in those hubs.
AVIATIon Industry
This BizCosts® Benchmark Report compares aviation industry manufacturing costs in these 15 global manufacturing hubs:
Hub
Company Presence
Seattle, Washington
Boeing, Blue Origin, Honeywell Aerospace, Aerojet Rocketdyne, Collins Aerospace, Aviation Partners Boeing, Alaska Aerospace, Alaska Star Ventures, ZeroAvia, AeroTEC, magniX, Universal Hydrogen, Plug Power, STOKE Space, New Frontier Aerospace, SpaceX, Fatigue Technology, Tethers Unlimited, AvtechTyee, Orion Aerospace, Lockheed Martin, Anduril, BAE Systems, MORSE Corp, Intelsat (SES), Xplore, Ricondo & Associates, Satcom Direct, Zepher Flight Labs, Aerovel, Jet, TLG Aerospace, DroneSeed, BlackSky, Amazon Project Kuiper, Microsoft Azure Space, Eviation
Los Angeles, California
Northrop Grumman, SpaceX, Boeing, Raytheon Technologies, Relativity Space, Virgin Orbit, Anduril, Lockheed Martin, True Anomaly, AeroVironment, Millennium Space Systems, The Aerospace Corporation, Virgin Galactic, ABL Space Systems, JPL (NASA Lab), Rocket Lab, Radiant, Varda Space, Thales, Moog Inc., Spire Global, Slingshot Aerospace, Hughes Network Systems, Impulse Space Propulsion
East Hartford, Connecticut
Pratt & Whitney, UTC Aerospace Systems, Sikorsky, Collins Aerospace, Bombardier, Belcan, SS&C Technologies, GKN Aerospace, Pratt & Whitney Measurement Systems, Triumph Group, Pegasus Manufacturing
Toulouse, France
Airbus, Dassault, EADS (Airbus Group), Air France Industries, Thales, Latécoère, ATR Aircraft, Safran, Liebherr-Aerospace, Stelia Aerospace, Altran, Satys, Akka Technologies, Sabena technics
Hamburg, Germany
Airbus, Lufthansa Technik, Diehl Aerospace, MRO Network, Altran, VINCORION, E.I.S. Aircraft, Heap & Partners, Elbe Flugzeugwerke (EFW), Lufthansa Systems, Altran Technologies, ZAL Center of Applied Aeronautical Research, Sogeclair
Fairfax County, Virginia
Northrop Grumman, Boeing, Lockheed Martin, General Dynamics, SAIC, BAE Systems, Alion Science & Technology, Raytheon, Leidos, L3Harris, Perspecta, Vectrus
Phoenix, Arizona
Honeywell Aerospace, Boeing, Raytheon, Collins Aerospace, Northrop Grumman, General Dynamics, Bombardier, KinetX Aerospace, Insight Aerospace, Universal Avionics, Able Aerospace Services, Nammo Talley, Sion Power
Wichita, Kansas
Spirit AeroSystems, Textron Aviation, Bombardier, Airbus, Boeing, Cessna Aircraft, Learjet, Garmin, Harlow Aerostructures, Balco, NIAR, Bombardier Learjet, Metal-Fab, Inc.
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Dubai Aerospace Enterprise, Aerovista, Jetex, Western Aviation, Tim Aerospace, Edge Group, Khaleej Aerospace Industries, AMMROC, GAL, Dnata, GE Aerospace, Safran (via AMES), Leonardo, Dedienne Aerospace, Boeing, Lockheed Martin
Mobile, Alabama
Airbus, VT Mobile Aerospace Engineering, Continental Motors, UTC Aerospace Systems, Star Aviation, MAAS Aviation, Segers Aerospace, Safran, Broetje Automation, Sealevel Systems
Dallas, Texas
Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, Boeing, Bell Helicopter, Airbus Helicopters, General Dynamics, L3 Technologies, Triumph Group, Southwest Aerospace Technologies, Aviall, Moog Inc., Magellan Aerospace
Charleston, South Carolina
Boeing, Parker Hannifin, GE Aviation, Safran, GKN Aerospace, ATI, Scientific Research Corporation, Lowcountry Aviation, Albany Engineered Composites, AAR Corp
Montreal, Quebec
Bombardier, Pratt & Whitney Canada, CAE Inc., Bell Helicopter, Rolls-Royce, Air Canada, Airbus, Héroux-Devtek, Thales, Safran, CMC Electronics, L3 Harris, Simbol Test Systems, Avianor, Latecoere
São Paulo, Brazil
Embraer, Akaer, Novaer, SIATT, Liebherr Aerospace Brasil, Avibras, Thales Brazil, Seamax Aircraft, Moog Brasil, Visiona Tecnologia Espacial
Madrid, Spain
Airbus, ITP Aero, Indra Sistemas, Boeing, Aernnova, Aciturri, Safran, GMV, Thales, Sener, Aertec Solutions, Isdefe, Cobra, GTD Sistemas de Información
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
This BizCosts® Benchmark Report compares Automotive Industry manufacturing costs in these 15 major global hubs:
Hub
Company Presence
Fremont, California
Tesla, Lucid Motors, GenZe by Mahindra, Gotion, Excelfore Corporation, Zerova Technologies, Crown Battery, Sonic Manufacturing, Holo Inc., Autoform Tool & Manufacturing, UpTime Parts, Yield Engineering Systems, Wagan Tech, Baumann Auto Group
Detroit, Michigan
Ford Motor Company, General Motors, Stellantis (Chrysler), American Axle & Manufacturing, Lear Corporation, Magna International, BorgWarner, DTE Energy Automotive Division, Delphi Technologies, Yazaki North America, Adient, Flex-N-Gate, Dana Incorporated, Rivian Automotive, Aisin Seiki
Chicago, Illinois
Ford Motor Company (assembly), Navistar International, Tenneco, BorgWarner, Continental AG, LKQ Corporation, Parts Town, Illinois Tool Works (ITW), FreightCar America, Tri-State Auto Transport, Tenneco Automotive, Bridgestone Americas, Unicell Body Company
Wolfsburg, Germany
Volkswagen Group (HQ and plant), MAN Truck & Bus, Sitech Sitztechnik, Volkswagen Financial Services, Autovision, Bertrandt AG, Schnellecke Logistics, Sumitomo Electric Bordnetze, IAV Automotive Engineering, TI Automotive
Toledo, Ohio
Jeep (Stellantis plant), Dana Incorporated, Faurecia, General Motors, The Andersons, Magna International, Johnson Controls, Libbey Inc, AP Exhaust Technologies, Nagle Companies, North Star Bluescope
Marysville, Ohio
Honda of America Manufacturing, Honda Motorcycles, Honda Performance Manufacturing Center (PMC), Stanley Electric US, TPI Engineered Systems, Moriroku Technology North America, American Honda Motor Co.
Louisville, Kentucky
Ford Motor Company (Kentucky Truck Plant, Louisville Assembly Plant), Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Raytheon Technologies (aerospace/auto), Atria Group, Dana Incorporated, Faurecia, General Electric Appliances, Dana Louisville Plant, Martinrea, PPG Industries
Atlanta, Georgia
Mercedes-Benz USA, Genuine Parts Company (NAPA), Honda Precision Parts, Porsche Cars North America, Cox Automotive, Hitachi Automotive Systems, Blue Bird Corporation, GE Industrial Motors, Novelis automotive division
Nashville, Tennessee
Nissan North America (HQ and assembly plant), Bridgestone Americas, Hankook Tire, Calsonic Kansei, MAHLE, Yazaki, Marten Transport, Philips Automotive Lighting, Gentex
Birmingham, Alabama
Mercedes-Benz U.S. International (nearby Tuscaloosa), Kamtek (Magna), Yanfeng Automotive Interiors, Autocar Trucks, Gestamp, US Steel auto division, Mobis Alabama, Honda Manufacturing of Alabama (nearby Lincoln), Lehr Middle by Parts
Greer, South Carolina
BMW Manufacturing Plant (Spartanburg/Greer), Michelin North America, Draexlmaier Automotive, Sage Automotive Interiors, Lear Corporation, ZF Friedrichshafen, Benteler Automotive, Magna Seating, Bosch
Canton, Mississippi
Nissan North America (assembly plant), Tower International, Toyota Motor Manufacturing Mississippi, Peco Foods auto division, Toyota Boshoku Mississippi, Cypress Truck Lines, Johnson Controls, Lear Corporation, Tenneco
Takaoka, Japan
Toyota Motor Corporation Takaoka Plant, Aisin Seiki, Toyota Industries Corporation, Sumitomo Electric, Denso Corporation, Futaba Industrial, Toyoda Gosei, Yazaki Corporation, NGK Insulators, JTEKT Corporation
Ulsan, South Korea
Hyundai Motor Company (main plant), Kia Motors, Hyundai Mobis, Hyundai Glovis, Posco Steel auto division, Hyundai Rotem, Hyundai Heavy Industries (auto parts), Mando Corporation, SK Innovation (auto batteries), SL Corporation
Guanajuato, Mexico
General Motors Guanajuato Complex, Volkswagen Silao Plant, Mazda Mexico Vehicle Operation, Honda de México, Hino Motors, Pirelli, Continental Tire, Denso, Bosch Guanajuato, Nemak
FOOD AND BEVERAGE MANUFACTURING
This BizCosts® Benchmark Report compares Food and Beverage Industry manufacturing costs in these 15 major U.S. hubs:
Hub
Company Presence
Denver, Colorado
Ready Foods, Leprino Foods, Ardent Mills, Molson Coors, JBS USA, Fresca Foods, Mountain Man Nut & Fruit Co., Silver State Foods, Culinaire Foods, 34 Degrees, Quinn Snacks, Claremont Foods, Rocky Mountain Food Factory, Colorado Food Enterprises, Speedy Foods, Meati Foods, Notty Foods
Portland, Oregon
Tillamook, Bob’s Red Mill, Craft Brew Alliance, Pacific Foods, Franz Bakery, Alpenrose Dairy, Widmer Brothers Brewing, Stumptown Coffee Roasters, Voodoo Doughnut, Oregon Chai, Dave’s Killer Bread, Salt & Straw, Columbia River Brewing, Brew Dr. Kombucha
Minneapolis, Minnesota
General Mills, Cargill, Land O’Lakes, Pillsbury, Post Consumer Brands, Schwan Food Company, Hormel Foods, Michael Foods, Kemps, SunOpta, Conagra Brands, Ecolab, Malt-O-Meal, Crystal Sugar, The Cookie Store
Modesto, California
E. & J. Gallo Winery, Del Monte Foods, Foster Farms, Crystal Creamery, Bronco Wine Company, Nuherbs, Ernest & Julio Gallo, Stanislaus Food Products, Frito-Lay, Rizo-Lopez Foods, MID Valley Foods
Chicago, Illinois
Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Kraft Heinz, Conagra Brands, Mondelez International, PepsiCo, Nestle USA, Tyson Foods, Smithfield Foods, Hillshire Brands, Ferrara Candy, Sara Lee, Dean Foods, Mars Wrigley, Ingredion, Hostess Brands
Boise, Idaho
Simplot Foods, Chobani, Albertsons Companies, GoGo squeeZ, Clearwater Analytics, Litehouse Foods, Small Batch Organics, Idahoan Foods, Lamb Weston, Idaho Candy Co., Nature’s Indulgence, Heinz
Atlanta, Georgia
Coca-Cola, Gold Kist, Chick-fil-A, Flowers Foods, Conagra Brands, Cargill, Nestle, Kraft Heinz, King’s Hawaiian, The J.M. Smucker Company, Coca-Cola Bottling Company UNITED, Blue Bell Creameries, DS Services of America
Buffalo, New York
Rich Products Corporation, General Mills, Lactalis American Group, Upstate Niagara Cooperative, Coca-Cola Bottling, Perry’s Ice Cream, Tops Friendly Markets, Sahlen Packing Company, Maplevale Farms, Cheerios, Mayer Bros. Apple Products
St. Louis, Missouri
Anheuser-Busch, Nestle Purina, Post Holdings, Bunge North America, Panera Bread, Prairie Farms Dairy, Monsanto (now Bayer Crop Science), Ralcorp Holdings, Cargill, Kellogg’s, Coca-Cola Bottling, Earthbound Farm
Cincinnati, Ohio
The Kroger Company, J.M. Smucker Co., Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati Beverage Company (CinBev), Skyline Chili, Queen City Sausage, Johnsonville, Givaudan, SugarCreek, Bob Evans Foods, Dole Food Co., Old Spice, Klosterman Baking Company
Hershey/Lebanon, Pennsylvania
Hershey Foods, Mars, Godiva Chocolatier, Snyder’s of Hanover, Lebanon Bologna Co., Goya Foods, Turkey Hill Dairy, Dietz & Watson, Seltzer’s Smokehouse Meats, Utz Quality Foods, Bimbo Bakeries USA, Joseph Schmidt
Dallas, Texas
Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Dean Foods, Borden Dairy Company, PepsiCo, Frito-Lay, Flowers Foods, Tyson Foods, Nestle Waters, Lance Inc., Ruiz Foods, Coca-Cola, Sara Lee Frozen Bakery, Oak Farms Dairy, Brinker International, Blue Bell Creameries
Omaha, Nebraska
Conagra Brands, Omaha Steaks, Cargill Meat Solutions, Tyson Foods, Bimbo Bakeries USA, Hiland Dairy Foods, Greater Omaha Packing, Rotella’s Italian Bakery, Preferred Popcorn, Godfather’s Pizza, Coca-Cola Bottling
Richmond, Virginia
Kraft Heinz, Sabra Dipping Co., Performance Food Group, Boar’s Head Provisions, Ukrop’s Homestyle Foods, Altria Group, White House Foods, Honeywell Baking, Nestle Dreyer’s Ice Cream, Amy’s Organic Soups
Kennewick/Richland, Washington
Lamb Weston, ConAgra Foods, Tree Top, Welch’s, Arctic Refrigeration, Broetje Orchards, Dairgold, Double R Ranch, Fruci & Associates, Pacific Northwest Growers, Chobani
$244.99
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
This BizCosts® Benchmark Report compares Pharmaceutical Industry manufacturing costs in these 15 major global hubs:
Hub
Company Presence
Zurich, Switzerland
Novartis, Roche, Merck Group, Takeda, Siegfried, CSL Behring, Amgen, Vifor Pharma, Biogen, Lonza, Abbott, Johnson & Johnson, Bayer, Alcon, Sandoz, GSK, Galderma, Idorsia, Ferring, Debiopharm
San Francisco, California
Genentech (Roche), Gilead Sciences, Amgen, AbbVie, Bayer, Merck, Novartis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Nektar Therapeutics, Sutro Biopharma, Exelixis, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Allogene Therapeutics, Sangamo Therapeutics, 23andMe, Johnson & Johnson Innovation, Denali Therapeutics, BioMarin, Thermo Fisher, Parnell Pharmaceuticals
San Diego, California
Illumina, Neurocrine Biosciences, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Takeda, Johnson & Johnson, Dexcom, Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Fate Therapeutics, Novartis, Amgen, Halozyme, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, ResMed, Quidel, Vertex, Ajinomoto Bio-Pharma, Bayer, Inhibrx, Arcturus Therapeutics
Montgomery County, Maryland
AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Emergent BioSolutions, Novavax, Catalent, Sanofi, Lonza, Pfizer, Qiagen, Macrogenics, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Leidos Biomedical Research, Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Otsuka, Viiv Healthcare, Regeneron, Amgen, Amicus Therapeutics, GlycoMimetics
Boston, Massachusetts
Moderna, Biogen, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Takeda, Sanofi, Novartis, Pfizer, Merck, Amgen, Shire (Takeda), Alnylam, GSK, Bayer, AbbVie, Janssen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Alkermes, Editas Medicine, Sage Therapeutics
Central New Jersey, NJ
Merck & Co., Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, Sanofi, Pfizer, Amgen, Sandoz, Celgene (BMS), Zoetis, Novo Nordisk, Mallinckrodt, Eisai, GenScript, GSK, Teva, Hikma, Chromocell, Allergan
Paris, France
Sanofi, Servier, Ipsen, Pierre Fabre, Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, GSK, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Baxter International, Merck Group, AbbVie, Sandoz, BioMérieux, Danone Nutricia, LFB, Guerbet
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Johnson & Johnson, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, Endo Pharmaceuticals, AmerisourceBergen, Teva, Spark Therapeutics, Adapt Pharma, Incyte, Pfizer, Zoetis, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, CSL Behring, Charles River Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Amgen, Novartis, Centocor, Bayer
Chicago, Illinois
AbbVie, Baxter International, Fresenius Kabi, Pfizer, Takeda, Horizon Therapeutics (Amgen), AbbVie Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Catalent, Novartis, Astellas Pharma, Xeris, Apotex, Adtalem Global Education, Lonza, Walgreens Boots Alliance (health), Actavis Generics, CSL Behring, NeoGenomics, GSK
Austin, Texas
Merck, Novartis, Johnson & Johnson, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Icon, Trividia Health, Viracor Eurofins, Luminex, Alcon, Asuragen, Dell Medical School biotech incubator, Ascension Seton, Roivant Sciences, Eikon Therapeutics, XBiotech, Sparrow Pharmaceuticals
London, United Kingdom
GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Sanofi, Bayer, Novartis, Merck Group, Roche, Johnson & Johnson, Abbott, Eli Lilly, Seqirus, Hikma, Ipsen, Amgen, Takeda, Gilead Sciences, UCB, Allergan, Shire Pharmaceuticals
Raleigh/Durham, North Carolina
Biogen, GSK, Merck, Pfizer, Novo Nordisk, Amgen, Bayer, Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies, GeneCentric, Charles River Laboratories, Novartis, IQVIA, Syneos Health, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Grifols, Eli Lilly, United Therapeutics, PPD, Practichem, RTI Health Solutions
Dublin, Ireland
Allergan, Amgen, Pfizer, Novartis, Johnson & Johnson, Bayer, Sanofi, AbbVie, Alexion, GSK, MSD (Merck), Takeda, Astellas, Novartis, Shire, Ipsen, Biomarin, Roche, Regeneron, Mallinckrodt
Tel Aviv, Israel
Teva Pharmaceuticals, Perrigo, Medison, Kamada, Protalix, Pluristem Therapeutics, Taro Pharmaceuticals, Intec Pharma, BiondVax, Compugen, RedHill Biopharma, Spero Therapeutics, BioLineRx, Ayala Pharmaceuticals, Foamix, G Medical Innovations, NovellusDx, Sanara Ventures, UroGen Pharma, Check-Cap
Bangalore, India
Biocon, Sun Pharma, Strides Pharma, Syngene, Bharat Biotech, AstraZeneca, GSK, Pfizer, Biocon Biologics, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Mylan, Jubilant Biosys, Sanofi, Cipla, Medreich, Kemwell Biopharma, Intas Pharma, Amgen, Bayer
$244.99
DISTRIBUTION WAREHOUSE INDUSTRY
This BizCosts® Benchmark Report compares Warehousing Industry costs in these 15 major hubs:
Hub
Company Presence
Phoenix, AZ
Amazon, Walmart, Chewy, Target, Marshalls, Atlas Retail Services, Conair, AutoZone, REI, Basha’s, O’Reilly, Saltbox, Phoenix Warehouse (3PL)
Inland Empire, CA
Amazon, Maersk / Performance Team, NFI Industries, Republic National Distributing, AutoZone, Shein Distribution, Fellowship Warehousing & Logistics
Atlanta, GA
JC Penney, Target, Americold, Syncreon, The Home Depot, UPS, BlueLinx, Saddle Creek Logistics
Savannah, GA
Target, Walmart, Home Depot, Burlington, Shaw Industries, Wayfair, OA Logistics
Chicago, IL
Amazon, UPS, Logistics Plus, 3PL / intermodal warehouses in Elk Grove Village, major freight/logistics operations near O’Hare
Indianapolis, IN
SHIPHYPE Fulfillment, Buske Logistics, Ichinen USA Corporation, Hanzo Logistics, Smart Warehousing, MSL COPACK + ECOMM, ShipCalm, Integrated Distribution Services, Kem Krest, Now Courier, Online Transport Inc., Postle Distribution, JIT Services LLC, Safeway Logistics, Miller Expedited Freight Inc., IDS Fulfillment, Langham Logistics, CWC Logistics, Progressive Logistics & PL Cold, Newegg Indy Logistics, Amazon, FedEx Corp., Ingram Micro Mobility, Venture Logistics Inc., Meyer Logistics, Bulkmatic Transport Company, Legacy Supply Chain, Piper Logistics
Louisville, KY
UPS, McKesson Grainger, Kroger, Zappos , KGH 3PL Logistics, Advance Distribution Services, Buske Logistics, Louisville Seventh 3PL, Taylored Services, ShipMonk, DCL Logistics, PPM Fulfillment, Journey Warehousing & Logistics, Hydra Warehouse Inc.
Kansas City, MO
Amazon, Hallmark, Dollar Tree, O’Reilly Auto Parts, Metro Park Warehouses, Best Way Distribution, Spartan Logistics, Smart Warehousing, Red Stag Fulfillment, 3PL Bridge, Buske Logistics, Murphy Warehouse Co, OHL (Kansas City), Wagner Logistics
Meadowlands, NJ
L’Oreal, Home Depot, Amazon, Cheveux, Phoenix Warehouse, MLM Logistics, National Retail Systems, CMC Logistics, Palisades Logistics, Kingsland Meadowlands (industrial park / logistics space), Prologis Meadowlands, STG Logistics, Lineage Logistics, DiPinto International Logistics
Southern New Jersey, NJ
Amazon, Buske Logistics, Federal Warehousing, Cubework, National Distribution Centers LLC, Holt Logistics, NFI Industries, East Coast Warehouse & Distribution Corp
Columbus, OH
Ace Hardware, Gwynnie Bee, Amazon, Anheuser-Busch, Abercrombie & Fitch, Interstate Batteries, ODW Logistics, ShipWise Logistics, Beitler Warehousing, Crane Worldwide Logistics, Spartan Logistics, Maersk, Buske Logistics
Lehigh Valley, PA
Amazon, Walmart, UPS, Nestle, QVC, FedEx, Uline, Primark, B. Braun, Boston Beer (Samuel Adams), J.C. Penney, The Coca-Cola Company
Memphis, TN
FedEx, Amazon, UPS, Walmart, International Paper, Schneider Logistics, FedEx Ground, Patterson Warehouses, UWT Logistics, Valley Distribution & Logistics, ShipWise Logistics, Riverhorse Logistics, Nickey Warehouses, Fulmer Logistics, 3PL Bridge, BGS Fulfillment, Goggin Warehousing
Dallas–Fort Worth, TX
Walmart, Home Depot, ShipWise Logistics, WSI (3PL), Beitler Warehousing, Scout Cold Logistics, Prologis tenants
Houston, TX
WSI (3PL), Amazon, Walmart, Home Depot, FedEx, UPS, Chewy
